第三次作業

496711104 陳品勳


我現在越來越喜歡關於運動的新聞與消息，所以我來介紹關於美國四大運動的其中三樣，籃球、棒球以及美式足球。前兩項是我很喜歡的，而美式足球算是不怎麼了解，但也是美國風行的運動之一，希望能讓大家多加的認識。

I am now more and more like on the sports news and information, so I introduce on the U.S. three of the four major sports like basketball, baseball and football. The first two is what I love, and i am less understanding of football. I's the way that we can learn more about the exercise.



NBA
NBA（全稱National Basketball Association）是美國第一大職業籃球賽事。協會一共擁有30支球隊，分屬兩個聯盟——東區和西區；而每個分區各由三個分組組成，每個分組有五支球隊。30支球隊當中有29支位於美國本土，另外一支來自加拿大的多倫多。
NBA正式賽季於每年11月的第一個星期的星期二開始，分為例行賽和季後賽兩部分。例行賽為循環賽制，每支球隊都要完成82場比賽；例行賽到次年的4月結束，每個分區的前八名，包括各個分組的冠軍，將有資格進入接下來進行的季後賽。季後賽採用七戰四勝賽制，共分四輪；季後賽的最後一輪也稱為總決賽，由兩個聯盟的冠軍爭奪NBA的最高榮譽——總冠軍。
NBA前身是1946年成立的美國籃球協會（BAA），1949年改名為國家籃球協會（NBA）並沿用到現在。協會總部位於紐約第五大道645號的奧林匹克塔大廈，現任總裁為大衛•史騰。NBA同時也是北美四大職業體育聯盟之一，但是卻排在NFL和MLB之後位列第三位。

The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a professional men's basketball league, composed of thirty teams in North America (twenty-nine in the United States and one in Canada). It is an active member of USA Basketball (USAB), which is recognized by the International Basketball Federation as the National Governing Body (NGB) for basketball in the United States. The NBA is one of the four major North American professional sports leagues, which include Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).
The league was founded in New York City on June 6, 1946 as the Basketball Association of America (BAA).[2] The league adopted the name National Basketball Association in 1949 after merging with the rival National Basketball League (NBL). The league's several international as well as individual team offices are directed out of its head offices located in the Olympic Tower at 645 Fifth Avenue in New York City. NBA Entertainment and NBA TV studios are directed out of offices located in Secaucus, New Jersey.

球隊
東區
大西洋組
波士頓塞爾提克， 紐澤西網， 紐約尼克， 費城76人， 多倫多暴龍
中央組
芝加哥公牛， 克里夫蘭騎士， 底特律活塞， 印第安納溜馬， 密爾瓦基公鹿
東南組
亞特蘭大鷹， 夏洛特山貓， 邁阿密熱火， 奧蘭多魔術， 華盛頓巫師

西區
太平洋組
金州勇士， 洛杉磯快艇， 洛杉磯湖人， 鳳凰城太陽， 沙加緬度國王
西北組
丹佛金塊， 明尼蘇達灰狼， 奧克拉荷馬市雷霆， 波特蘭開拓者， 猶他爵士
西南組
達拉斯小牛， 休士頓火箭， 曼斐斯灰熊， 紐奧良黃蜂， 聖安東尼奧馬刺

Team
Eastern Conference
Atlantic
Boston Celtics, New Jersey Nets, New York Knicks, Philadelphia 76ers, Toronto Raptors
Central
Chicago Bulls, Cleveland Cavaliers, Detroit Pistons, Indiana Pacers, Milwaukee Bucks
Southeast
Atlanta Hawks, Charlotte Bobcats, Miami Heat, Orlando Magic, Washington Wizards
Western Conference
Northwest
Denver Nuggets, Minnesota Timberwolves, Oklahoma City Thunder, Portland Trail Blazers, Utah Jazz
Pacific
Golden State Warriors, Los Angeles Clippers, Los Angeles Lakers, Phoenix Suns, Sacramento Kings
Southwest
Dallas Mavericks, Houston Rockets, Memphis Grizzlies, New Orleans Hornets, San Antonio Spurs




MLB
美國職棒大聯盟（Major League Baseball，簡稱MLB），是世界最高水平的職業棒球聯賽。1901年由國家聯盟和美國聯盟共同成立。
目前聯盟共計三十支球隊，十六隊屬國家聯盟，十四隊屬美國聯盟。二聯盟依美國地理區域各分為三區。各隊除了本隊之外另有六至九支不同等級的小聯盟球隊，用於培養新秀及復健傷兵之用
每個賽季有162場的比賽，通常從4月的第一個星期日開始，在10月第一個星期日結束。而季後賽則是在10月的時候開始，有時甚至比賽到11月初。MLB的規則和條例在兩個聯盟基本上都是一樣的。然而也有一些例外：像美國聯盟有指定打擊的規定，全國聯盟則沒有。
MLB的多媒體總部設在紐約，由MLB.com和30個人的團隊的網站負責監督。其章程規定，MLB媒體能自己決定聯賽，因為它與MLB的製作是屬於同樣的一個結構聯盟，專注於視頻和傳統的廣播媒體。

Major League Baseball (MLB) is the highest level of play in North American professional baseball. Specifically, Major League Baseball refers to the organization that operates the National League and the American League, by means of a joint organizational structure that has developed gradually between them since 1901.
At present, it has 30 teams: “16 teams are National League, and 14 teams are American League.” Each league has three districts because of their geographic region. In addition to their own team, they still have minor league teams in 6-9 different levels.
They can bring up freshman or adjust the people who hurt before.
Each season consists of 162 games, which generally begins on the first Sunday in April and ends on the first Sunday in October, with the postseason played in October and sometimes into early November. The same rules and regulations are played between the two leagues with one exception: the American League operates under the Designated Hitter Rule, while the National League does not.
The production/multimedia wing of MLB is New York-based MLB Advanced Media, which oversees MLB.com and all 30 of the individual teams' websites. Its charter states that MLB Advanced Media holds editorial independence from the League itself, but it is indeed under the same ownership group and revenue-sharing plan. MLB Productions is a similarly-structured wing of the league, focusing on video and traditional broadcast media.

球隊
美國聯盟
東區
巴爾的摩金鶯， 波士頓紅襪， 紐約洋基， 多倫多藍鳥， 坦帕灣光芒
中區
芝加哥白襪， 底特律老虎， 明尼蘇達雙城， 克里夫蘭印地安人， 堪薩斯市皇家
西區
洛杉磯安那罕天使， 奧克蘭運動家， 德州遊騎兵， 西雅圖水手

國家聯盟
東區
亞特蘭大勇士， 費城費城人， 紐約大都會， 華盛頓國民， 佛羅里達馬林魚
中區
辛辛那提紅， 芝加哥小熊， 聖路易紅雀， 匹茲堡海盜， 休士頓太空人， 密爾瓦基釀酒人
西區
洛杉磯道奇， 舊金山巨人， 聖地牙哥教士， 科羅拉多洛磯， 亞利桑那響尾蛇

Team
American League
East
Baltimore Orioles, Boston Red Sox, New York Yankees, Toronto Blue Jays, Tampa Bay Rays
Central
Chicago White Sox, Detroit Tigers, Minnesota Twins, Cleveland Indians, Kansas City Royals
West
Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, Oakland Athletics, Texas Rangers, Seattle Mariners

National League
East
Atlanta Braves, Florida Marlins, New York Mets, Washington Nationals, Philadelphia Phillies
Central
Cincinnati Reds, Chicago Cubs, St. Louis Cardinals ,Pittsburgh Pirates, Houston Astros, Milwaukee Brewers
West
Los Angeles Dodgers, San Francisco Giants, San Diego Padres, Colorado Rockies, Arizona Diamondbacks




NFL
國家美式足球聯盟（NFL），是世界最大的職業美式足球聯盟，也是世界最具商業價值的體育聯盟。聯盟由32支來自美國不同地區和城市的球隊組成。目前聯盟共有32支球隊，分為兩個聯會：美國美式足球聯會（AFC）和國家美式足球聯會（NFC）。每個聯會由四個分區組成，每個分區有四支球隊。
在常規賽季中，每支球隊在9月至12月間共17週的時間內打16場比賽，通常在週日、週一或週四比賽。常規賽季後，每個聯會共有六支球隊進入季後賽，分別是各分區冠軍、和其餘球隊戰績最好者，通常稱為外卡隊。經過三輪淘汰賽，兩個聯會的冠軍在預先決定好的球場的超級盃比賽中相遇，爭奪最後的總冠軍。一周後，兩聯會挑選出來的明星選手將參加職業盃——一個在夏威夷火奴魯魯所舉行的明星賽。
聯盟最早在1920年以美國職業美式足球協會的名義成立，後來在1922年1月28日改名為國家美式足球聯盟。

The National Football League (NFL) is the largest Professional American Football league in the world. It was formed by eleven teams in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association, with the league changing its name to the National Football League in 1922. The league currently consists of thirty-two teams from the United States. The league is divided evenly into two conferences — the American Football Conference (AFC) and National Football Conference (NFC), and each conference has four divisions that have four teams each. The NFL is organized as a unincorporated association of its 32 teams.
The regular season is a seventeen-week schedule during which each team has one bye week and plays sixteen games. Teams play all three other teams in their division twice. They also play each team from one other division in their conference, and each team from one division in the opposite conference. The final two games come against the teams who finished in the same place the previous season in the two divisions of their conference not previously played. The season currently starts on the Thursday night in the first full week of September and runs weekly to late December or early January.
At the end of each regular season, six teams from each conference play in the NFL playoffs, a twelve-team single-elimination tournament that culminates with the championship game, known as the Super Bowl. This game is held at a pre-selected site which is usually a city that hosts an NFL team. Commercials during the Super Bowl tend to be quite popular among the general public. Selected all-star players from both the AFC and NFC meet in the Pro Bowl, previously held in Honolulu, Hawaii; up to and including 2009, this game took place the weekend after the Super Bowl. In 2010, it will take place a week prior to the Super Bowl, in Miami Gardens, Florida.

球隊
美國美式足球聯會
東區
水牛城比爾， 邁阿密海豚， 新英格蘭愛國者， 紐約噴射機
北區
巴爾的摩烏鴉， 辛辛那提， 孟加拉虎， 克里夫蘭布朗， 匹茲堡鋼人
南區
休士頓德州人， 印第安納， 波利斯小馬， 傑克遜威爾美洲虎， 田納西泰坦
西區
丹佛野馬， 堪薩斯城酋長， 奧克蘭突襲者， 聖地牙哥電光

國家美式足球聯會
東區
達拉斯牛仔， 紐約巨人， 費城老鷹， 華盛頓紅人
北區
芝加哥熊， 底特律雄獅， 綠灣包裝工， 明尼蘇達維京人
南區
亞特蘭大獵鷹， 卡羅來納黑豹， 紐奧良聖徒， 坦帕灣海盜
西區
亞利桑那紅雀， 聖路易公羊， 舊金山49人， 西雅圖海鷹

Team
American Football Conference
East
Buffalo Bills, Miami Dolphins, New England Patriots, New York Jets
North
Baltimore Ravens, Cincinnati Bengals, Cleveland Browns, Pittsburgh Steelers
South
Houston Texans, Indianapolis Colts, Jacksonville Jaguars, Tennessee Titans
West
Denver Broncos, Kansas City Chiefs, Oakland Raiders, San Diego Chargers

National Football Conference
East
Dallas Cowboys, New York Giants, Philadelphia Eagles, Washington Redskins
North
Chicago Bears, Detroit Lions, Green Bay Packers, Minnesota Vikings
South
Atlanta Falcons, Carolina Panthers, New Orleans Saints, Tampa Bay Buccaneers
West
Arizona Cardinals, St. Louis Rams, San Francisco 49ers, Seattle Seahawks